Português

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Lower Atmosphere

Basics

Unit 1:
An introduction to the troposphere

 - variations with height and temperature
 - different landscapes - the horizontal extension
 - what does tropospheric air consist of?
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 2:
Greenhouse effect, light and the biosphere

 - light and the greenhouse effect
 - greenhouse gases and effect
 - emissions from the biosphere
 - vegetation fires
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 3:
Ozone and nitrogen oxides as key compounds

 - tropospheric ozone
 - nitrogen oxides - formation and importance
 - ozone smog - how is it formed?
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Read more ..

Unit 1:
Main oxidants and observations

 - oxidation in the atmosphere
 - night time conditions and chemistry
 - measurement techniques - spectroscopy
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 2:
Radiation, greenhouse gases and the greenhouse effect

 - the earths radiation budget and the greenhouse effect
 - the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane
 - water vapour feedback and clouds
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 3:
Ozone chemistry, smog and other emissions

 - oxidation by OH
 - ozone chemistry
 - vegetation fires and emissions
 - concentrations and sources and sinks of trace gases
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Higher Atmosphere

Basics

Unit 1:
Understanding and observation of the mid atmosphere

 - the layers of the atmosphere
 - composition of the stratosphere
 - measurements in the stratosphere
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 2:
Ozone and the formation of the ozone hole

 - ozone formation
 - the ozone hole and chlorofluorocarbons
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Read more ..

Unit 1:
Dynamics of the stratosphere and aviation

 - dynamics of the stratosphere
 - aviation today and tomorrow
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 2:
Stratospheric ozone, chlorofluorocarbons, the ozone hole and its impacts

 - stratospheric ozone chemistry
 - chlorine chemistry
 - chlorofluorocarbons and HCFC's
 - ozone hole and global warming
 - stratospheric cooling
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Weather

Basics

Unit 1:
Weather and Fronts

 - what is weather? definition of weather and climate
 - high pressure systems, low pressure system
 - fronts
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Unit 2:
Circulation Systems

 - local circulation
 - global atmospheric circulation
 - el niño, la niña, global impacts
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3
 * worksheet 4

Unit 3:
Folklore weather forecasting

 - forecasting by sun, moon, rainbow, clouds ...
 - forecasting by plants and animals
 - long range forecasts
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Read more ..

Unit 1:
Floods and Thunderstorms

 - flashfloods
 - riverfloods
 - types of Thunderstorms
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Unit 2:
Major wind systems

 - major wind systems, trade winds, monsoons
 - southern oscillation & el niño history
 - north atlantic oscillation
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3
 

Unit 3:
Biometeorology

 - environmental changes and human health
 - weather and human health
 - wind chill
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Clouds and Particles

Basics

Unit 1:
Clouds

 - water in the atmosphere
 - formation of clouds
 - different types of clouds

Unit 2:
Particles

 - where do they come from?
 - what do they become?
 - health effect of particles

Unit 3:
Sun and Clouds

 - albedo
 - clouds and climate
 - rainbow 

Read more ..

Unit 1:
How are clouds formed? What happens in clouds?

 - Formation of droplets
 - Cloud types
 - Cloud chemistry

Unit 2:
Particles

 - Characteristics of particles
 - Transformation and removal
 - Particles and respiratory tract

Unit 3:
Clouds, particles and climate

 - particles and visibility
 - particles and climate
 - radiation budget

Climate in Cities

Basics

Unit 1:
Air pollution due to human activity

 - what is air pollution
 - causes of anthropogenic air pollution
 - negative effects of air pollution
 - areas endangered by air pollution
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 2:
Urban climate

 - factors controlling the urban climate
 - the urban heat island
 - local air circulation
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3
 * worksheet 4
 * worksheet 5

Unit 3:
Acid rain - History in Europe and status in Asia

 - what is acid rain?
 - the main areas where acid rain forms
 - the main areas damaged by acid rain

Read more ..

Unit 1:
Air pollution due to human activity

 - energy production and transportation
 - industry and other branches of the economy
 - impact of air pollution
 - mitigation
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 2:
Urban climate

 - radiation balance
 - heat balance
 - water balance and precipitation
 - urban bioclimate
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3
 * worksheet 4
 * worksheet 5

Unit 3:
Acid rain - history in Europe and status in Asia

 - the origin of acid rain
 - impact on the natural environment and infrastructure
 - international research programmes on acid rain

Oceanos

Básico

Unidade 1:
Oceanos e clima

 - Propriedades específicas da água
 - Circulação oceânica
 - how oceans take up carbon dioxide
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3
 * worksheet 4

Unidade 2:
Nutrientes nos oceanos

 - phytoplankton and nutrients
 - phytoplankton growth
 - eutrophication
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3
 * worksheet 4

Unidade 3:
Gases from phytoplankton

 - sulphur gases
 - aerosols and climate
 - gases from seawater - 1
 - gases from seawater - 2

Ler mais ..

Unidade 1:
Oceanos e clima

 - Oceanos e alterações climáticas
 - the North Atlantic Oscillation
 - sea level rise
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unidade 2:
Oceanic nutrients - Iron

 - iron in the oceans
 - iron, dust and climate
 - iron and climate change

Unidade 3:
Gases from phytoplankton

 - air-sea gas exchange
 - GAIA and CLAW

Food and Climate

Basics

Unit 1:
Plants and climate

 - plants and the environment
 - distribution of crops over the world
 - weeds, diseases and pests
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Unit 2:
The climate change issue

 - climate change effects on plants
 - contribution of agriculture to greenhouse gases
 - future food production
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Unit 3:
Drought in the Mediterranean

 - what is drought
 - types of drought
 - drought and fire
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Read more ..

Unit 1:
Past and present

 - crops
 - weeds, diseases and pests
 - history of the climate events with impact on food production
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Unit 2:
Predicting the future

 - realities and uncertainties
 - from industrial development to global changes
 - case study Egypt
 - case study Spain
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 3:
Drought in the Mediterranean

 - relevance of drought
 - drought driving factors
 - drought management
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

People changing climate

Basics

Unit 1:
Human-caused climate change?

 - what is happening to the climate?
 - how do we know?
 - where do the emissions come from?
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2
 * worksheet 3

Unit 2:
How will a warmer world be like?

 - example 1: Europe is flooding
 - example 2: waiting for rain in India
 - consequences for people
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 3:
How can we hinder man-made climate change?

 - what can you do?
 - what can the government do?
 - international cooperations
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Read more ..

Unit 1:
Human-caused climate change?

 - changes in greenhouse-gas concentrations
 - observed changes in the Earth's climate
 - inertia of the climate system
 - feedback effects
 - abrupt changes
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 2:
What will a warmer world be like?

 - the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
 - future emissions
 - changes in different parts of the world
 - vulnarability and adaptation
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2

Unit 3:
How can we hinder man-made climate change?

 - more emissions despite improved technology
 - emissions trading in the EU
 - the climate convention (UNFCCC)
 - the Kyoto protocol
 * worksheet 1
 * worksheet 2